Figure 1

Morphological aspects and immunohistochemical profile with α-inhibin and AMH antibodies of normal testis, testis with germ cell hypoplasia, testis with mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia, and ovotestis. Normal testis: right gonad of a 3-week-old patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome; testis with germ cell hypoplasia: right gonad of a 6-month-old patient, undetermined etiology; ovotestis: right gonad of a 4-month-old patient, 46,XX,SRY−; mild dysplasia: left gonad of a 66-month-old patient with 45,X0/46,XY sex chromosome mosaicism; moderate dysplasia: left gonad of a 3-month-old patient with WT1 mutation; severe dysplasia: right gonad of a 1 week-old patient with undetermined etiology disorder of sex development. A-inhibin and AMH are uniformly and strongly expressed in regular seminiferous tubules. However, they are expressed with a lesser intensity in case of alcoholic instead of formalin fixation. In case of an architectural disorganization of the seminiferous tubules (dysplasia), the expression of α-inhibin and AMH decreases, parallel to the increasing degree of this disorganization. There is a noticeable difference of staining intensity of the seminiferous tubules in mild and moderate dysplasia, between the tubules in the external part of the gonad (dysplastics) and the hilar part of the gonad (in which the tubules retain a better architecture).