Extended Data Figure 7: Characterization of Rhino-dependent, but Moonshiner-independent, piRNA production.

a, The log₂(fold changes) in levels of piRNAs mapping antisense to transposons are plotted for rhino mutants versus moonshiner mutants. An outlier group of transposons for which the level of antisense piRNAs is decreased in rhino mutants but increased in moonshiner mutants is apparent, and elements enriched in cluster38C1/2 are highlighted in orange. The same transposons are shown as in Extended Data Fig. 4c (n = 73; transposon mRNAs analysed). b, Quantification of relative piRNA levels originating from cluster38C1 in ovaries from flies subjected to the indicated germline knockdowns. Percentages relative to control knockdowns were calculated with the total numbers of piRNA reads mapping uniquely to cluster38C1. c, Representative confocal images underlying the quantitative RNA FISH-based detection of piRNA precursors from cluster20A (Rhino-independent) and cluster38C1 (Rhino-dependent) in germline nuclei of wild-type and moonshiner mutant ovaries (scale bar, 5 μm). d, UCSC genome browser panel showing the most distal part of cluster42AB for which piRNA production dependency on the right flanking promoter was investigated by deletion of the promoter region. Shown are Pol II occupancy (red), Rhino occupancy (blue), and piRNA levels (black/grey). Flanking transcription units are shown in grey; light grey shading indicates the experimental promoter deletion.