Figure 2: Common ASO and siRNA modifications. | Nature Biotechnology

Figure 2: Common ASO and siRNA modifications.

From: Overcoming cellular barriers for RNA therapeutics

Figure 2

(a) Phosphate backbone modifications: native, anionic charged phosphodiester (achiral phosphorus atom); charged phosphorothioate (phosphorus atom is chiral); neutral phosphotriester (phosphorus atom is chiral, but becomes achiral after intracellular conversion to charged phosphodiester); neutral morpholino backbone (PMO) and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) backbones align nucleobases with native mRNA nucleobase spacing. (b) Common 2′ modifications of the sugar: native 2′-hydroxyl (OH), 2′-fluoro (F), 2′-hydroxymethyl (O-Me), 2′-methoxyethyl (MOE) and 2′,4′-bicyclics that contain O-methylene bridge or locked nucleic acid (LNA).

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