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The French Evolution of Biotechnology

Will government initiatives in France help establish a biotechnology industry?

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  1. This text has been adapted from a paper by Shyama V. Ramani; “Technology creation in die biotechnology sectors: The French connection,” which was coaudiored with Dominique Jolly of Groupe ESC, Grenoble.

  2. Comite National d'Evaluation de la Recherche. 1994. Un autre regard sur la recherche, sept evaluations 1990-1993. Partie 7 evaluation du programme “biotechnologies.” Paris: La Documentation Franchise.

  3. Sharp, M. 1989. Biotechnology in Britain and France: The evolution of policy, in Strategies for New Technology: Case Studies from France and Britain. (eds. M. Sharp and P. Holmes). London: Philip Allan. pp. 119–59.

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  4. Ward, Mike. 1993. Rhône-Poulenc: From bioscience to markets. Bio/Technology 11: 798–801.

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Ramani, S. The French Evolution of Biotechnology. Nat Biotechnol 13, 757–759 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0895-757

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