Osmolytes that normally accumulate in cells to equilibrate osmotic stress are also called chemical chaperones because of their ability to stabilize native proteins in vitro. A recent paper shows that various chemical chaperones differently alter the cellular milieu and permit the appearance of osmolyte-specific protein mutant variants during evolution.
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De Los Rios, P., Goloubinoff, P. Chaperoning protein evolution. Nat Chem Biol 8, 226–228 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.791
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.791
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