Figure 8: TyrRS secretion and cleavage model.

During cell competition, winner cells (green) induce the elimination of loser cells (red) by apoptosis. Loser cells, via JNK, secrete TyrRS that is cleaved by Mmp1/2 to generate MiniTyr and EMAP fragments. The PI3K pathway is activated in haemocytes that are recruited to the region of cell competition by EMAP to engulf apoptotic loser cells.