Figure 4: Activity-dependent GRASP in the thermosensory circuit.

(a) Experimental set-up: syb:spGFP1–10 is expressed in both hot and cold temperature-receptor neurons (TRNs, using Ir93a-LexA), while spGFP11 is active in a unique group of ‘broadly tuned’ thermosensory-projection neurons (tPNs, that is, activated by either heating or cooling; by VT40053-Gal4). TRNs responding to either cold or hot stimuli synapse within distinct regions of the posterior antennal lobe (PAL), the cold and hot glomeruli (C and H). (b–e) Brief exposure to either cold (10 min at 15 °C) or hot (35 °C) temperatures increases syb:GRASP fluorescence in the expected glomerulus (control flies were kept at 25 °C). (b–d) Representative PAL stack projections of flies exposed to cold (15 °C), control (25 °C) and hot (35 °C). Scale bar, 20 μm. While e shows quantitation of the average fluorescence intensity of syb:GRASP within hot and cold glomeruli (the edges of the boxes are the first and third quartiles, and red lines marked the medians, whiskers=data range. Outliers are displayed as red crosses; n=6 for control (25 °C), n=4 for cold (15 °C), n=6 for hot (35 °C); **P<0.005 using two-tailed t-test; a.u.=arbitrary fluorescence units). Full genotype: w; Aop-syb:spGFP1–10; UAS-CD4:spGFP11/+; IR93a-LexA/VT40053-Gal4.