Figure 7: GATAD1 is a transcriptional repressor of the KISS1 and TAC3 genes.

(a) GATAD1 represses hKISS1 promoter activity as measured by gene reporter assays performed in Neuro2A cells; (b) GATAD1 also represses hTAC3 promoter activity (c–g) GATAD1 does not alter the transcriptional activity of other puberty-related genes; (c) rTff1, a transcriptional activator; (d) rEed, a transcriptional repressor; (e) hEAP1, a transcriptional regulator with dual repressive/activating capabilities; (f) rPenk, a gene encoding encephalin a neuropeptide that inhibits GnRH secretion; (g) rViaat, a gene encoding a vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter, also considered to be inhibitory of the pubertal process (**P<0.01 versus GATAD1 (−) group (n=5); One-way ANOVA, Student–Newman–Keuls post hoc test). GATAD1 is recruited to (h) the hKISS1 promoter, and (i) the hTAC3 promoter, as assessed by ChIP assays performed in 293T cells; GATAD1 is not recruited to either (j) the hEED promoter, or (k) the hEAP1 promoter; GATAD1 enhances recruitment of KDM1A/LSD1 to both (l) the hKISS1 promoter, and (m) the hTAC3 promoter; but not to the (n) hEED promoter or (o) hEAP1 promoter. GATAD1 depletes H3K4me2 from the (p) hKISS1 promoter and hTAC3 promoter, without changing the abundance of (q) H3K4me3 (*P<0.05 and **P<0.01 versus GATAD1 (−) group (n=3); Student’s t-test).