Figure 4: Bulk experiments on DNA synthesis through a lesion-containing DNA template in the presence of helicase.

(a) Schematic representation of ensemble studies of helicase/DNAP-coupled leading-strand replication on a DNA template containing a single CPD lesion. A CPD lesion (red star) is located at nucleotides 46–47 from 3′ of the template. (b) DNA synthesis was carried out by DNAP alone, DNAP with helicase or DNAP with the ΔCt mutant helicase. Sequencing gels show the kinetics of the leading-strand DNA synthesis on either an unmodified DNA fork template (denoted as ‘U’) or a DNA fork template containing a single CPD lesion (denoted as ‘CPD’).