Figure 3: Direct and indirect effects of space, climate, soil pH and microbial diversity on ecosystem multifunctionality.
From: Microbial diversity drives multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems
Structural equation models are shown for the Drylands (a,c) and Scotland (b,d) data sets. Numbers adjacent to arrows are indicative of the effect-size (bootstrap P value) of the relationship. Continuous and dashed arrows indicate positive and negative relationships, respectively. Spatial effects have no +/− sign. The width of arrows is proportional to the strength of path coefficients. R2 denotes the proportion of variance explained. (c,d) Standardized total effects (direct plus indirect effects) derived from the structural equation models depicted above. Capital letters B and F within standardized total effects bars indicate the effects of bacterial and fungal diversity, respectively, in the Drylands data set. MAT, mean annual temperature; MAP, mean annual precipitation.
