Figure 5: MHC-II(+) melanomas have improved response rates and clinical benefit to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition.

(a) HLA-DR positivity by IHC plotted versus response to PD-1/PD-L1-targeted therapy in the discovery set (n=30). Responders include partial and complete responders; non-responders include mixed responders and progressive disease patients. Mixed responders (n=3) are noted by a red triangle. P value is the result of the Wilcoxon’s rank sum test. (b) HLA-DR positivity by IHC in the validation set (n=23) plotted versus response to PD-1/PD-L1-targeted therapy. P value is the result of the Wilcoxon’s rank sum test (c) Representative images of scans from anti-PD-1 therapy-treated MHC-II(+) patients (d) Progression-free survival (left) and overall survival (right) in anti-PD-1/PD-L1-treated patients, stratified by HLA-DR/MHC-II positivity (5% total tumour cells staining on entire tissue section used as cutpoint). Data from both the initial and validation cohorts were included, when available. P value is the result of the log-rank test. (e) Correlation matrix of IHC markers. P values for the Pearson’s correlation appear above the diagonal and correlation coefficients (r) appear below the diagonal.