Figure 1: PX-RICS −/− mice exhibit behavioural features similar to the core triad of impairments in ASD. | Nature Communications

Figure 1: PX-RICS −/− mice exhibit behavioural features similar to the core triad of impairments in ASD.

From: PX-RICS-deficient mice mimic autism spectrum disorder in Jacobsen syndrome through impaired GABAA receptor trafficking

Figure 1

(a,b) Three-chamber social interaction test. The time spent in close interaction with each wired cage in each session is shown (a). E, empty; FS, familiar stranger; NS, novel stranger; S; stranger. Voluntary sociability and social preference are represented as a preference index, the ratio between time spent near the left and right wired cages in each session (b; see Methods). The negative value in PX-RICS−/− mice in the familiar–stranger session (novel/familiar) shows their preference for a familiar stranger mouse. (c–f) Dyadic social interaction test. PX-RICS−/− mice spent less time in social activities (c–e) and showed a markedly lower success rate of social interaction in response to stimulator-initiated approach (f). (g) Social dominance tube test. PX-RICS−/− mice have a markedly lower winning rate. (h) The number of USVs of PX-RICS+/+ mice peaked on PND7 and decreased gradually, whereas that of PX-RICS−/− mice were significantly lower, without a peak of calls. (i–k) PX-RICS−/− mice spent more time performing repetitive behaviours such as self-grooming (i) and digging (j,k). (l,m) Water T-maze test. In the reversal learning session, PX-RICS−/− mice showed a lower number of successful (correct arm choice) trials (l) and required more time to reach an escape platform (m), which markedly contrasts with their normal learning ability in the acquisition session. Data are represented as means±s.e.m. NS, not significant; *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post hoc test (a–e,h–k), two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test (f,l,m) and two-tailed binomial test (g).

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