Figure 1: DKO rescues ductal developmental defect in CKO.

(a) Whole mounts of mammary glands from 8-wk virgin mice. The boundary of the ductal area is highlighted. Scale bars, 1 mm. Images are representatives of at least 6 animals. (b) Measurement of the average ductal length at four developmental time points. The numbers of animals used for each of the four time points (6, 8, 12 and 24 wks) are: WT (4, 7, 7 and 12 mice), BKO (3, 3, 4 and 4 mice), CKO (3, 6, 5 and 8 mice) and DKO (4, 7, 4 and 4 mice). Statistical analyses here and in c were conducted using Student’s t-test for comparison between CKO and WT, and between DKO and CKO. (c) Flow cytometry analysis of total live cells in various subpopulations per mammary gland from 16-wk virgin mice. Stromal cells: CD49f-EpCAM−, luminal epithelial cells: CD49fmedEpCAMhigh, myoepithelial cells: CD49fhighEpCAMmed. The numbers of animals used are: WT (4), BKO (3), CKO (3) and DKO (4). *P<0.05, **P<0.01 by Student’s t-test. Error bars represent s.e.m. wks, weeks.