Figure 5: The biodiversity effect across a range of multifunctionality threshold values in theoretical communities. | Nature Communications

Figure 5: The biodiversity effect across a range of multifunctionality threshold values in theoretical communities.

From: Jack-of-all-trades effects drive biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality relationships in European forests

Figure 5

Artificial communities were created by randomly drawing species from an artificial, regional species pool. Average correlation coefficients between ecosystem function values of these monocultures are −0.07 (a), 0.00 (b), 0.50 (c) and 1.00 (d), while ϕx values47, which indicate overall correlation strength, range from 0 (indicating lowest possible average correlation coefficients) to 1 (maximally positive correlations, equivalent to a single-function scenario). Linear models (N=100) were used to quantify the biodiversity effect and the 95% confidence interval (grey polygon). The observed average correlation value among functions in monocultures in European forests was 0.027 (=0.265; Fig. 1). The dotted, horizontal line shows the x axis, where the biodiversity effect is zero.

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