Figure 2: Interferometry for detecting topological vacuum bubbles.
(a) In the setup, anyons move (see arrows) along FQH edge channel i=1,2,3 that connects source Si and drain Di, and jump (dashed) between the channels via tunnelling at QPCs. The loop defined by Edges i=2,3, QPC2 and QPC3 encloses magnetic flux Φ, forming a Fabry–Perot interferometer. Distance between QPC2 and QPC3 (QPC1) is L (d). (b) Two interfering paths (i) and (ii) of each main interference process at 
. Following Fig. 1, filled (empty) circles represent particle-like (hole-like) anyons and solid (dashed) lines denote propagation of an anyon injected from S1 (anyon pair excitation at QPCs). Type II and III processes involve a topological vacuum bubble.
