Figure 3: The depletion and the restoration phase of CICP.
From: Capillarity ion concentration polarization as spontaneous desalting mechanism
The dynamics of CICP system showing the transition from the depletion phase to the restoration phase with the different composition of the ionic hydrogel. (a) HEMA: AA=5:1 in the centre-connection device, (b) HEMA: AA=5:1 and (c) HEMA: AA=5:3 in the end-connection device. See Supplementary Videos 4, 5, 6 for each figure. Cation concentration profiles inside the CICP zone at (d) the depletion phase and (e) the restoration phase. See Supplementary Video 7. The minimum cation concentrations inside the ion-depletion zone with varying (f) imbibition parameters and (g) Donnan equilibrium concentrations.
