Table 2 Sequence of sampling for the different 'omics' analyses.

From: Integrated multilaboratory systems biology reveals differences in protein metabolism between two reference yeast strains

Turnover

Target molecules

Quenching

Sample number and volume (ml)

Total volume withdrawn (including waste) (ml)

Duration (min)

Notes

Fastest

Intracellular metabolites

In cold methanol (≤−40 °C)

12×1

8×5

∼80

∼2

Volume withdrawn not sufficient to perturb chemostat steady state

 

mRNA

In liquid nitrogen

1×300–500

300–500

<1

mRNA and proteins sampled in <2 min. Total time ∼4 min

Slowest

Enzyme activities

On ice

4×20

∼150

<1

  1. The order and timing were designed taking into consideration the differences in turnover of the different analytes and the need to obtain a coherent 'snapshot' of metabolism. The procedure provided sufficient material for all analyses while preventing unwanted changes due to perturbation of the culture.
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