Figure 1: Ferroelectricity in ultrathin thin films of PVDF.
From: Tunnel electroresistance through organic ferroelectrics
(a–c) Topography, PFM phase and amplitude images, respectively, after switching the polarisation upward in the central 5 × 5 μm2 area of a 4Ls-thick PVDF film. (d–f) Topography, PFM phase and amplitude images, respectively, of the same area after switching back the polarisation downward in the central 2.5 × 2.5 μm2 area. (g–i) Topography, PFM phase and amplitude images, respectively, after sequentially switching the polarisation upward in the central 5 × 5 μm2 area and switching the polarisation downward in the central 2 × 2 μm2 area of a 2Ls-thick PVDF film. (j–l) Topography, PFM phase and amplitude images, respectively, after sequentially switching the polarisation downward in the central 10 × 10 μm2 area and switching the polarisation upward in the central 5 × 5 μm2 area of a 1Ls-thick PVDF film. Scale bar, 1 μm.
