Figure 3: Cost–benefit analyses of Manduca sexta flower handling. | Nature Communications

Figure 3: Cost–benefit analyses of Manduca sexta flower handling.

From: Innate olfactory preferences for flowers matching proboscis length ensure optimal energy gain in a hawkmoth

Figure 3

(a) Total amount of energy per flower provided by the different plant species. Letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05, Kruskal–Wallis test (P<0.0001) followed by corrected Wilcoxon test). Black points indicate outliers. (b) Schematic drawing of the set-up used for measuring foraging efficiency. Pictures show M. sexta foraging on N. alata and below N. obtusifolia. (c) Gross-energy gain (J) of M. sexta when foraging on different flowers. Grey colour, P<0.05 (one-sided Wilcoxon test against zero). (d) Energy balance (J) of M. sexta after foraging on different Nicotiana plants. Light grey colour indicates flowers significantly greater than zero; dark grey indicates flowers significantly smaller than zero (P<0.05, two-sided Wilcoxon test against zero).

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