Figure 4: Geographical variations to the planetary boundary layer effect.

The inter-annual trend in the virtual potential temperature at a height of 2 m above the ground as a function of the climatological monthly mean planetary boundary layer depth is shown for nine different regions: (a) Africa, (b) Antarctica, (c) Europe, (d) North America, (e) South America, (f) South Asia, (g) North Asia, (h) Sea-ice and (i) Ocean, as illustrated on the (j) map of the Earth. The thick red line indicates the bin-mean and the shaded area shows the region of 1 s.d. The correlation between the magnitude of the temperature trends and the inverse boundary layer depth is given for each region.