Figure 4: Performance of graphene-based flexible OLEDs fabricated on 50 μm PET substrate.

(a) EQE versus luminance characteristics of graphene-based flexible OLEDs with and without TiO2 under-layers. Those of an OLED with TiO2 on a glass substrate are also shown for comparison. For devices presented in this figure, 50-nm-thick PEDOT:PSS (AI4083) was used as a low-index HIL in all cases. (b) Power efficiency versus luminance characteristics. (c) Luminance versus current density characteristics measured after repeated bending at radius of curvature (rC) of 2.3 mm. Inset: the photograph of an OLED bent at rC of 2.3 mm placed on a custom-made cyclic bending tester. The OLED is located on the top side of the substrate in the picture and thus is under tensile strain. (d) Photograph of the proposed flexible TiO2/graphene OLEDs in operation.