Figure 2: Gut microbiota community profiles of 27 1-month-old infants and 22 adults.

(a) Bacterial families representing more than 1% (on average) of the microbiota in infants or adults are shown on the colour scale. Samples were hierarchically clustered by measuring Euclidean distances with complete-linkage clustering, as shown in the upper tree. (b) Characteristics of infant and adult gut microbiota, as illustrated by PCoA and PAM clustering analyses. Cluster B, Bifidobacteriaceae-predominant; cluster E, Enterobacteriaceae-predominant; cluster AD, adult-type microbiota. (c) Abundances of the main contributors to each cluster. Different letters (a–c) indicate significant differences between clusters (P<0.05, Mann–Whitney U-test with Bonferroni’s correction). Differences in other bacterial families are shown in Supplementary Fig. 7). (d) Network diagram showing co-occurrence relationships among the main contributors in infants and adults. Node sizes indicate the abundances of each bacterial family, and the widths of the edges reflect the calculated Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.