Figure 2: Spectra of accelerated protons and electrons.
From: Mechanism for spectral break in cosmic ray proton spectrum of supernova remnant W44
Both particle distributions are calculated for a weakly modified shock and are shown in momentum normalization (f(p) is steeper by two powers than the spectra in energy normalization, used in the text). Both spectra are multiplied by p4, so that the test particle distribution is flat. Shock parameters: acoustic Mach number M=30, shock velocity Vs/c=10−3, the break momentum pbr⋍7 mc. Shock pre-compression (flow compression across the CR precursor) R=1.8, injection parameter v⋍0.1 (defined as v=(4π/3)(mc2/ρVs2)(pinj/mc)4 f(pinj), with ρ and Vs being the ambient gas density and the shock speed, respectively); injection momentum pinj/mc⋍1.4×10−3
