Figure 3: Acetate epigenetically activates lipogenic genes without reflecting cellular lipid demands.
From: Acetate functions as an epigenetic metabolite to promote lipid synthesis under hypoxia
(a) FASN expression in HepG2 cells treated with indicated concentrations of acetate for 12 h under normoxia or hypoxia were quantified by qPCR. The results were presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (**P<0.01; NS, not significant; by Student’s t-test). (b) ChIP-qPCR assays showing histone acetylation enrichment at FASN promoter region in HepG2 cells treated with indicated concentrations of acetate under normoxia or hypoxia for 4 h. Rabbit IgG was included as a negative control. Each histogram was presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (**P<0.01; NS, not significant; by Student’s t-test). (c) ACACA expression in HepG2 cells treated as in panel (a) were quantified by qPCR. The results were presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (**P<0.01; NS, not significant; by Student’s t-test). (d) ChIP-qPCR assays showing histone acetylation enrichment at ACACA promoter region in HepG2 cells treated as in b. Each histogram was presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (**P<0.01; NS, not significant; by Student’s t-test). (e) Quantification of FASN expression in HepG2 cells treated with or without 2.5 mM acetate in media plus 10% FBS or 10% LPDS for 12 h under hypoxia by qPCR. The results were presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (**P<0.01; by Student’s t-test). (f) ChIP-qPCR assays showing histone acetylation levels at FASN promoter region in HepG2 cells treated as in e for 4 h under hypoxia. The results were presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (**P<0.01; by Student’s t-test). (g) Quantification of FASN expression in HepG2 cells treated with 10% LPDS plus the indicated concentration of palmitate (PA) for 12 h under normoxia or hypoxia by qPCR. The results were presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (NS, not significant; by Student’s t-test). (h) ChIP-qPCR assays showing histone acetylation levels enrichment at FASN promoter region in HepG2 cells treated as in g for 4 h under normoxia or hypoxia. The results were presented as mean±s.d. of triplicate experiments (NS, not significant; by Student’s t-test).
