Figure 3: Schematic diagram of PAM crosslinked with the CNS released from tricalcium silicate (Ca3SiO5).
From: Super stretchable hydrogel achieved by non-aggregated spherulites with diameters <5 nm

(a) Ca2+ and OH− released from the surface of a Ca3SiO5 particle during the hydration process. (b) CNS with diameters <5 nm formed from the crystallization of calcium hydroxide at 0 °C. (c) S2O82− from the initiator APS adsorbed on the surfaces of CNS via electrostatic interaction prompted by low pressure (0.01 atm). (d) Introduction of the monomer acrylamide (AM). (e) In situ polymerization of PAM on the surfaces of CNS.