Figure 4: Non-volatile switching between the skyrmion and conical phases using electric fields.
From: Transition to and from the skyrmion lattice phase by electric fields in a magnetoelectric compound
(a), Superposed phase diagrams measured under different electric fields; +30, 0, −30 kV cm−1. The green-hatched region represents the temperature/magnetic field region in which non-volatile switching of the skyrmion phase is possible using electric fields. Red-, black- and blue-coloured regions represent (thermodynamically stable or metastable) skyrmion lattice states under +30, 0 and −30 kV cm−1, respectively. The green-hatched region highlights the region where the thermodynamically stable (at +30 kV cm−1), metastable (at 0 kV cm−1), and unstable (at −30 kV cm−1) skyrmion lattice are all realized. (b), The χ'–E profiles at 54, 55.5, and 56.5 K at 350 Oe. The hysteresis loop at 55.5 K is highlighted in green, representing the non-volatile switching between conical (high χ') and skyrmion (low χ') phases.
