Figure 1: Time-calibrated phylogeny of songbirds.
From: Tectonic collision and uplift of Wallacea triggered the global songbird radiation
Topology based on concatenated maximum likelihood analysis of 4,155 UCE loci and date estimates based on fossil-derived calibrations. Nodes with squares around ancestral range indicate 70% or greater maximum likelihood bootstrap support, circles indicate <70% bootstrap support. All nodes are supported by posterior probability greater than 0.98 in Bayesian analyses. Geological events are indicated by vertical grey bars and labelled below. Stars indicate nodes calibrated for dating analyses. Coloured squares at tips indicate distribution of clade for that exemplar and correspond to coloured world map (A, Australia; B, New Zealand; C, New Guinea; D, Wallacea; E, S and SE Asia; F, Africa; G, New World; H, Palaearctic; I, Madagascar). Ancestral areas at internal nodes inferred with DEC+j model and New Guinea excluded as an ancestral area before 15 Myr ago. Palaeogeographic reconstructions adapted from Hall27 depict the distribution of land and sea across Wallacea and northern Australasia during early songbird diversification. Abbreviations: Plio.=Pliocene; Pleis.=Pleistocene. See (Supplementary Fig. 6) for dating with alternative calibrations.
