Figure 1: Schematic illustration of engineering the surface of SC CoO NRs.

(a) SC CoO NRs fabricated directly on carbon fibre substrate. (b) Numerous nanopores present on the surface and across SC NRs. (c) The surface of SC CoO NRs covered with textured nanopyramids. (d) The dominant exposed facets of nanopyramids are electrochemically active vacancy-rich O-terminated {111} facets.