Figure 5: Pd-catalysed alkoxycarbonylation of β-Methylene C(sp3)–H Bonds.

Reaction conditions: 5 (0.15 mmol), Pd(TFA)2 (10 mol%), Ag2CO3 (2.0 equiv.), Na3PO4 (1.0 equiv.), ClCO2Me (3.0 equiv.), toluene (1.5 ml), 120 °C, air, 20 h. Isolated yield. aIn the absence of Na3PO4.