Figure 3: Economic functions for three agricultural land-uses.

Measures for agricultural input use (a–b), profitability functions (c–d), and farmer risk aversion (e) in three agricultural land-uses (Jambi, Indonesia): material inputs (a), labour inputs (b), gross margin per hectare (c) in units of 103 Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) ha−1 yr−1 and gross margin per labour unit (d) in units of 103 IDR h−1. Farmers risk aversion (e) is measured with a Holt–Laury lottery, higher values indicate higher risk aversion. Summary statistics of all variables are in Supplementary Table 2. Boxplots indicate the lower quartile, median and upper quartile, with whiskers extending to the most extreme data point that is no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the edge of the box. Horizontal bars indicate the estimated mean indicator variable value; letters indicate significant differences (F/Wald-tests; P<0.05) in these linear model (c–e) and linear mixed model (a–b) estimates between the land-use types. Boxplots within land-use (from left to right) are labelled within the panels (from top to bottom and left to right).