Figure 3: Spectroscopic characterizations of 2DP (4).

(a) Ultraviolet–Vis spectra of up to seven layers of 2DPs on quartz. (b) Plot of S band absorbance versus number of 2DPs. (c) Density of states (DOS) versus energy of the 2DP as calculated by DFTB. (d) Raman spectra of monomers (1, 3) and 2DP (4) on 300 nm SiO2/Si. (e) X-ray photoelectron spectrum for N1s signal of monolayer 2DP on Au/Si. a.u., arbitrary unit.