Figure 2: Stability upon storage in ambient air.

Characteristics of inverted perovskite collar cells with varied cathode/electron extraction assemblies (AZO/SnOx/Ag, AZO/Ag and LiF/Al) versus time of storage in ambient air (at 23 °C and 50% rH). Jsc (a), Voc (b), FF (c) and PCE (d). The characteristics have been determined from the J/V measurements in reverse direction (examples in Supplementary Fig. 2).