Figure 3: Potential role of ASHCE-associated genes in avian development.

(a) Enriched GO terms in the top 500 ASHCE-associated genes. The P-values of enrichment were calculated using a chi-squared test, and FDRs were computed to adjust for multiple testing. Since the list of enriched GOs was long, the figure was generated by the visualization tool REVIGO which clustered the GOs based on semantic similarity. The development-related GOs are highlighted with bold fonts. (b) Stage-specific genes within the top 500 ASHCE-associated genes and those of genomic background (all genes) are shown for each developmental stage. Note that HH28 and HH38 stages show statistically significant over-representation of stage-specific, top 500 ASHCE-associated genes relative to genomic background. ‘expected’, expected numbers of stage-specific genes among randomly picked-up 500 genes. *P<0.05 using Fisher’s exact test; **P<0.01. On the left is the hourglass-like development model.