Figure 1: Design and fabrication of leptocephalus-inspired hydrogel actuators.
From: Hydraulic hydrogel actuators and robots optically and sonically camouflaged in water
(a) Leptocephalus in oceanic environment (the image is credited to HRF U/W Production). (b) Schematic illustration of leptocephalus-inspired hydrogel actuators capable of high-speed, high-force actuation with optical and sonic transparency in water. (c) Schematic illustration of osmotic-driven actuation of hydrogels. (d) Schematic illustration of hydraulic-driven actuation of hydrogels. (e) Schematic illustration of the fabrication of complex and robust hydrogel structures for hydraulic hydrogel actuators.
