Figure 4: Development of PanIN2-like lesions after orthotopic transplantation of transduced primary human ductal KECST spheres.

(a) Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of transplanted mouse pancreas ID 185 with S2 KECST spheres. (b) Magnified image of the red-boxed area in a. White arrow indicates mucinous cytoplasm and red arrow points to the encasing stromal cells. (c) Alcian blue staining of the adjacent section of a and magnified view of the red-boxed area in d. (e) Immunohistochemistry of the PanIN-like structure in ID 185 with antibody detecting CK19 (green) or antibody detecting MUC5AC (white) along with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) nuclear staining (blue). Magnified images in different fluorescent channels of the red-boxed area are shown in f. (g) Immunohistochemistry with human nuclear-specific antibody (HuNu, white) and mCherry fluorescence (red) and magnified view of the red-boxed area in h. (i) H&E staining of mouse ID 190 transplanted with S2 KECST spheres. Magnified view of the red-boxed area is shown in j. Alcian blue staining and phospho-ERK immunohistochemistry result are shown in k,l, respectively. (m) H&E staining of mouse ID 188 transplanted with S3 KECST spheres. Magnified view of red-boxed area is shown in n. Alcian blue staining and phospho-ERK immunohistochemistry result are shown in o,p, respectively. Yellow and green arrows indicate representative abnormal nuclei and an epithelial cell cluster found in the lumen, features of human PanIN2. Scale bars, 200 μm.