Figure 7: Downregulation of yars-2 promotes longevity in daf-2 mutants.

(a) GO terms that were enriched among uORF-containing transcripts whose levels were decreased by daf-2 mutations in a smg-2-dependent manner (log₂(fold change)−0.4, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, modified Fisher’s exact tests⁵¹). See Supplementary Data 2 for the lists of transcripts that were used for GO analysis. See Supplementary Fig. 12b for GO terms enriched among genes that were upregulated in daf-2 mutants compared to WT animals. (b) mRNA levels of yars-2b.1, an NMD target, were measured by qRT–PCR (n3). Error bars represent s.e.m. (two-tailed Student’s t-test, *P<0.05, ***P<0.001). WT, daf-2(e1370) (daf-2(−)), smg-2(qd101) (smg-2(−)) and smg-2(qd101); daf-2(e1370) (smg-2(−); daf-2(−)) were used. The mRNA levels of yars-2a isoform, which is not a target of NMD, were not significantly changed by daf-2 mutations (Supplementary Fig. 13e,f). The mRNA levels of yars-1 were not changed in our qRT-PCR data (Supplementary Fig. 13g). The mRNA levels of yars-2b.1 were decreased in long-lived isp-1 and glp-1 mutants (Supplementary Fig. 13h,i). (c) Effects of yars-2 RNAi on the lifespan of smg-2(−); daf-2(−). See Supplementary Data 1 for statistical analysis and additional repeats.