Figure 4: artLCMV induces polyfunctional CTL^eff responses against self and non-self antigens.

(a–d) OVA-specific total CTLs, CTL^eff (Klrg1⁺CD127⁻) and memory CTL (CTL^mem, Klrg1⁻CD127⁺) in blood (d8; b) and spleen (a,c,d) upon immunization with artLCMV-OVA, rLCMV-OVA or rAd-OVA. Bars represent the mean+s.e.m. (n=4). N=2. (e,f) Polyfunctional OVA-specific CTLs in spleen after artLCMV-OVA, rLCMV-OVA or rAd-OVA immunization. Bars represent the mean+s.e.m. (n=4–5). N=2. (g) OVA-specific primary ex vivo cytotoxicity and lytic units in spleen on d7 after artLCMV-OVA, rLCMV-OVA, rAd-OVA or rVACC-OVA vaccination. N=2. (h) Cytokine profile of splenic Her2-specific CTLs on d9 after artLCMV-Her2 immunization. Bars represent the mean+s.e.m. (n=3). N=2. (i) P1A-specific CTLs in blood on d14 after immunization of BALB/c mice with r3LCMV-P1A or rLCMV-P1A. Symbols represent individual mice. N=2. (j) Undetectable LCMV-neutralizing antibodies after artLCMV prime-boost immunization (prime d0, boost d87). WEN1, WEN2 and WEN3 were LCMV-neutralizing monoclonal antibody controls. Symbols show individual mice. N=2. (k) OVA-specific CTLs in blood on d18 after prime or prime-boost immunization (d0, d14) of C57BL/6 mice with artLCMV-OVA. Bars represent the mean+s.e.m. (n=3). N=3. Data in a–g were analysed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test and data in k by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test. NS, not significant; *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001.