Figure 4: Role of sex as a modifier of the genotype effect.

The role of sex in explaining variation in phenotypes of knockout mice as assessed using data from the IMPC. (a) Classification for categorical data sets (n=1,220) with a genotype effect at 20% FDR. (b) Classification for continuous data sets (n=7,929) with a genotype effect at 5% FDR. The ‘Cannot classify’ effect arises when statistically an interaction is detected between sex and genotype but the model output is insufficient to specify where the interaction arises. The ‘Genotype effect with no sex effect’ effect is the classification when the null hypothesis of no genotype*sex interaction was not rejected; this may be because the effect is the same across sexes, or due to a lack of power to detect the differential effect across sexes. (c,d) Comparison of SD hit rate for each screen with more than 35 genotype significant hits (c) Categorical traits. (d) Continuous traits. IPGTT: intra-peritoneal glucose tolerance test; ECG: electrocardiogram; DEXA: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; CSD: combined SHIRPA and dysmorphology; PPI: acoustic startle and pre-pulse inhibition.