Figure 3: Reconciling EFRs and food production across countries.

Countries are ordered by the dependence of kcal production on EFRs (red) (a). Beige bars highlight production declines on irrigated cropland only. Compensating effects of two different water management scenarios ('Scenario 3 irrigation upgrade' and 'scenario 4 integrated water management', Table 1) on total production are indicated in mint green. Cumulative country population is shown in the bottom b, distinguishing countries with a high or low Human Development Index (HDI)18 (details in Supplementary Table 2).