Figure 1: Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from normal subjects and PD patients with parkin mutations.

(a–h) Phase contrast image (a) of P002 iPSCs from a PD patient with parkin mutations and staining of the line with pluripotency markers alkaline phosphatase (AP) (b), Oct4 (c), Nanog (d), SSEA3 (e), SSEA4 (f), Tra-1-60 (g) and Tra-1-81 (h). Bar, 100 μm. (i) Expression levels of endogenous pluripotency genes in the four representative iPSC lines and H9 human embryonic stem cell (hESC). (j) Levels of viral transgenes and their endogenous counterparts in the four iPSC lines and H9 hESC. Error bars in (i) and (j) represent s.e.m., n=9. (k–m) Real-time PCR amplification of the parkin transcripts in the four iPSC lines (k) and sequencing results of the band with exon 3 deletion (l) and the band with exon 5 deletion (m). (n) Parkin immunoblot of total cell lysates from the four lines of iPSCs. (o–q) EB-mediated spontaneous differentiation of P002 iPSCs in vitro. Bar, 10 μm. (r–t) Teratoma formation assay for P002 iPSCs. ecto, ectoderm; endo, endoderm; meso, mesoderm; Sm, smooth. Bar, 10 μm.