Figure 5: Results of theoretical analysis for the model based on flexoelectric coupling. | Nature Communications

Figure 5: Results of theoretical analysis for the model based on flexoelectric coupling.

From: Atomic-scale evolution of modulated phases at the ferroelectric–antiferroelectric morphotropic phase boundary controlled by flexoelectric interaction

Figure 5

(a) Temperature versus Sm molar fraction phase diagram showing the areas of paraelectric (I), antiferroelectric (II), modulated (III) and ferroelectric (IV) phases. (b–e) Numerical simulations of the order parameter behaviour (a, red, p, blue) in the vicinity of the domain walls for (b) paraelectric phase (I) with a=p=0; (c) antiferroelectric structural phase (II) with a≠0, p=0; (d) mixed phase (III) with modulated non-zero a and p; and (e) ferroelectric phase (IV) with p≠0, a=0. Other parameters , Δ=2, , , used in calculations are introduced in the Supplementary Discussion. (f) Room temperature section of the diagram across the MPB, with constant (solid lines) and oscillatory (arrows) components of the structural (a, red) and polarization (p, blue) order parameters plotted across the bridging phase region.

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