Figure 4: Water absorption and histology of galls of N. monzeni and T. styraci.
From: An insect-induced novel plant phenotype for sustaining social life in a closed system
(a,b) Tracking the route of water absorption in a gall of N. monzeni by safranin staining. (a) An inside view of the gall 20 h after injection of safranin solution inside. Safranin is precipitated at the bottom of the gall due to water absorption. (b) A histological section of the safranin-injected gall. (c,d) Hydrophobicity of the gall inner surface shown by an addition of food dye water. (c) A gall of N. monzeni. (d) A gall of T. styraci. (e,f) Transmission electron microscopy of the inner wall of the galls. (e) A gall of N. monzeni with a spongy surface layer. (f) A gall of T. styraci with a solid surface layer. CW, cell wall; In, inner side of the gall; Out, outer side of the gall; PC, plant cell; WL, waxy surface layer.
