Figure 7: Fibrin induces ROS generation in microglia. | Nature Communications

Figure 7: Fibrin induces ROS generation in microglia.

From: Fibrinogen-induced perivascular microglial clustering is required for the development of axonal damage in neuroinflammation

Figure 7

(a) In vivo imaging of microglial clusters (green) in the spinal cord of Cx3cr1GFP/+ EAE-challenged mice after 2 daily i.v. injections of the superoxide indicator dihydroethidium (DHE, red). A significant increase of DHE signal was detected within clustered areas (blue dotted line) compared with neighboring non-clustered areas in the same animals at the peak of EAE, as well as to healthy controls. White dotted lines outline blood vessels. Bar graph represents mean±s.e.m. from n=4 mice (*P<0.05, Mann–Whitney test). Scale bar, 20 μm. (b) H2O2 production shown by the PYME probe (green) in BV2 microglia labeled with IsoB4 (red) after treatment with fibrin D-dimer. Quantification of cells positive for H2O2 expressed as a percentage of total cell number. Values are mean±s.e.m. from untreated, n=6 wells, 1481 cells counted; fibrin D-dimer, n=7 wells, 1172 cells counted, **P<0.01 (Mann–Whitney test). Real-time PCR of iNOS gene expression in BV2 cell extracts upon fibrinogen treatment. n=2 independent experiments performed in triplicates, *P<0.05 (Mann–Whitney test). Scale bar, 50 μm.

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