Figure 1: Tapping Mode AFM images of peptidoglycan architecture in E. coli MC1061.
From: Cell wall elongation mode in Gram-negative bacteria is determined by peptidoglycan architecture
(a) Sacculi imaged under water showing banded variation, folds and trapped cytoplasmic contents (scale bar, 500 nm; height, 10 nm). (b) Stationary-phase sacculi imaged in ambient conditions (scale bar, 500 nm; height, 5 nm). (c) Sacculus in ambient conditions; material is thicker at the septum (scale bar, 500 nm; height, 10 nm); cross-section (dotted line) shows height variation and site of thickness measurements (distance between arrows 3 nm). (d) Enlargement of boxed region: bands are made up of less-ordered “filigree” features (scale bar, 50 nm; height, 5 nm). (e) Sacculi imaged in ambient conditions showing internal and external architecture (scale bar, 500 nm; height, 7 nm). (f) Mechanical stretching (“The Rack”) of sacculus tethered to Cell Tack in ambient conditions, showing maintenance of banding under approximately × 1.4 strain (main image scale bar, 500 nm; phase, 10°; inset scale bar, 200 nm, phase, 1.6°). (g) Diagram of “The Rack”. (h) High-resolution AFM image of part of a sacculus in water rendered in a three-dimension, pitch 14° (scale bar, 50 nm). (i), Pore-size distribution from h (n=73).
