Figure 2: Experimental set-up.

The drive pulse (~5 J, 55 fs) is focused with an f/2 off-axis parabolic mirror to a focal spot of 3.5 μm full width at half maximum (FWHM) reaching peak intensities of 6 × 1020 W cm−2. Simultaneously, the probe pulse (~2 mJ, 55 fs) is shot from the opposite side quasi counter-propagating (angle between both beam axis ~1°), focused with a lens (f/50) to a 55 μm FWHM spot corresponding to a peak intensity of 1 × 1015 W cm−2. The radiation emitted from the foil is diagnosed at 0° with respect to target normal direction using a transmission grating spectrometer.