Table 2 Gene ontology analysis of the candidate selected genes.

From: The genomics of selection in dogs and the parallel evolution between dogs and humans

GO_term

P -value

Functional grouping*

Fold enrichment

Biological process

 Reproductive process in a multicellular organism

0.002

SR

2.68

 Multicellular organism reproduction

0.002

SR

2.68

 Regulation of digestive system process

0.006

DM

25.44

 Gamete generation

0.010

SR

2.60

 Sexual reproduction

0.010

SR

2.44

 Macromolecule catabolic process

0.019

DM

1.91

 Cell recognition

0.021

General

6.79

 Negative regulation of digestive system process

0.021

DM

93.30

 Negative regulation of intestinal phytosterol absorption

0.021

DM

93.30

 Negative regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption

0.021

DM

93.30

 Cellular macromolecule catabolic process

0.022

DM

1.93

 Cell–cell adhesion

0.028

General

2.70

 Cellular amino-acid catabolic process

0.036

DM

5.49

 Regulation of lipid transport

0.040

DM

9.33

 Cell–cell adhesion mediated by integrin

0.042

General

46.65

 Amine catabolic process

0.050

DM

4.78

Cellular component

 Cell projection

5.14E-04

General

2.43

 Nuclear lumen

0.010

General

1.63

 Axon

0.011

NP

3.73

 Intracellular organelle lumen

0.014

General

1.52

 Organelle lumen

0.019

General

1.49

 Neuron projection

0.019

NP

2.48

 Membrane-enclosed lumen

0.025

General

1.46

 Neuromuscular junction

0.027

NP

11.54

Molecular function

 Endonuclease activity, active with either ribo- or deoxyribonucleic acids and producing 3′-phosphomonoesters

1.94E-07

General

26.15

 Pancreatic ribonuclease activity

5.02E-07

General

35.03

 Endoribonuclease activity, producing 3′-phosphomonoesters

1.30E-06

General

29.50

 Ribonuclease activity

6.08E-06

General

11.32

 Nuclease activity

4.69E-05

General

5.91

 Endonuclease activity

9.26E-05

General

7.47

 Endoribonuclease activity

1.35E-04

General

11.92

  1. Abbreviations: DM, digestion and metabolism; GO, gene ontology; NP, neurological process; SR, sexual reproduction.
  2. *There are three major enriched GO categories: SR, DM and NP. GO categories not belonging to the above three categories are classified as General. Only categories with P-values less than 5% are shown in this table. A more detailed table is presented in the Supplementary Table S7.
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