Figure 2: Measured electron localization in dissociative single ionization of H₂.

(a) H⁺ kinetic energy spectra following ionization by a 35-fs anticlockwise circularly polarized laser pulse (peak intensity I₀=2.3 × 10¹⁴ W cm⁻²). Curves shown for ϕ_el^mol=ϕ and ϕ_el^mol=ϕ+180° where −90°<ϕ<−60°. (b) Molecular-frame asymmetry parameter β_m versus H⁺ kinetic energy for spectra plotted in (a). (c) Two-dimensional plot showing β_m as a function of H⁺ kinetic energy and the molecular-frame electron emission angle ϕ_el^mol. (d) β_m versus ϕ_el^mol integrated over H⁺ kinetic energy intervals 0.35–0.45 eV (red curve) and 0.5–0.6 eV (blue curve).