Figure 3: Calculated electron localization in dissociative single ionization of H₂.

(a) Calculated asymmetry parameter β_c as a function of the laser phase ωt_i and the final kinetic energy of H⁺ obtained from our classical model. (b) Same as a but for the asymmetry parameter β_q obtained by numerically solving the one-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation of the nuclear wavepacket. These results can be directly compared with the experimental results of Fig. 2c, as the molecular-frame electron emission angle ϕ_el^mol is a direct measure of the laser phase ωt_i.