Figure 1: Electrochemical cell for photoelectron spectroscopy.
From: Direct observation of the oxygenated species during oxygen reduction on a platinum fuel cell cathode
Schematic drawing of a PEM fuel cell set-up for APXPS investigations: the electrochemical cell has a Nafion membrane coated on both sides with a mixture of Nafion and carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles with catalyst loading of 4 mg cm−2 (particle size 10–20 nm), which serve as anode and cathode. The cathode side of the assembly was exposed to the APXPS gas cell, which was filled with oxygen gas. The anode chamber was filled with humidified forming gas (95% N2/5% H2, saturated H2O). The voltmeter and galvanometer used for measurements are denoted by V and A, respectively. By connecting both electrodes to an external voltmeter or galvanometer, we can simultaneously record both XPS and either cell voltage or cell current.
