Table 1 Fibre quality seed and yield traits averaged from 2009 and 2010 growing environments.

Traits	T-1 family (T _2–3 RNAi)	T-31 family (T _2–3 RNAi)	Coker-312 (wild type)	Null segregant* (control)
Major fibre quality traits
UHM (s.e.)	1.29 (0.003)^†^‡^§	1.28 (0.002)^†^‡^§	1.23 (0.004)^†	1.22 (0.006)^†
MIC (s.e.)	4.99 (0.07)^†^‡^§^\|\|	5.21 (0.04)^†^‡^§	5.43 (0.08)^†	5.40 (0.13)^†
STR (s.e.)	31.20 (0.28)^†^‡	31.25 (0.13)^†^‡	29.71 (0.37)^†	31.01 (0.31)^†
ELO (s.e.)^¶	9.82 (0.18)^†^‡^§	10.50 (0.09)^†^‡^§^\|\|	9.58 (0.21)^†	10.34 (0.38)^†
UI (s.e.)	88.42 (0.46)^†	88.06 (0.08)^†	87.25 (0.25)^†	87.13 (0.39)^†
RD (s.e.)	76.50 (0.26)	77.11 (0.16)	75.70 (0.28)	77.41 (0.99)
+B (s.e.)^¶	8.97 (0.11)^§	9.47 (0.08)^§^\|\|	9.51(0.22)	8.60 (0.18)
No. samples/replications	46/6	175/9	20/5	7/2
Seed and lint percentage traits
Weight of 100 seeds, g (s.e.)^¶	12.61 (0.25)	12.90 (0.17)	12.65 (0.23)	12.34 (0.42)
Lint% (s.e.)^¶	36.14 (0.56)^†^‡	36.23 (0.43)^†^‡	39.20 (0.33)^†^#	36.33 (0.46)^†
Seed weight% (s.e.)^¶	63.86 (0.56)^†^‡	63.77 (0.43)^†^‡	60.80 (0.33)^†^#	63.67 (0.46)^†
Lint index (s.e.)^¶	7.15 (0.18)^†^‡	7.33 (0.12)^†^‡	8.14 (0.13)^†^#	7.03 (0.26)^†
No. samples/replications	30/4	29/4	28/4	12/4
Yield traits
ASCWPB, g (s.e.)	6.37 (0.27)^†^§	6.41 (0.08)^†^§	5.67 (0.25)^†	5.57 (0.11)^†
No. samples/replications	9/3	9/3	6/2	12/4
Number of fibre/seed±STD	10,492.0±430.8	10,289.6±282.6	10,848.4±589.2	10,485.8±618.3
No. samples/replications	3/3	3/3	3/3	6/6

ASCWPB, average seed cotton weight per boll; +B, fibre colour; ELO, elongation (or fibre elasticity, %); MIC, micronaire; RD, reflectance (%); RNAi, RNA interference; STR, fibre strength (g/tex); UHM, upper half mean (inches); UI, fibre uniformity (%);
Lint percentages=(weight of lint fibres/weight of seed cotton) × 100; lint index=(Lint percentage × weight of 100 seeds)/seed weight percentage. ASCWPB from 2009 evaluation. Average number of fibres per seed (non-significant in ANOVA test) were counted according to Zhang et al.³⁶
^*Only T₂-generation (2009) season fibre quality data were presented for PCR-negative null segregant control (see also Supplementary Table 13).
^†Statistical significance (ANOVA, P≤0.01) between PCR-positive (T-1 and T-31 RNAi lines) and -negative groups (wild and null segregant controls).
^‡Between wild Coker-312 and T-1/T-31 RNAi lines.
^§Between T-1/T-31 RNAi lines and null segregant.
^||Between T-1 and T-31 families.
^¶Genotype by environment interactions between two years (2009 and 2010) of evaluations were shown.
^#Between wild Coker-312 and null segregant.

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